Pipe cross is also called cross fitting ,it looks like tee but has four ends. Think about a new branch pass through a equal tee, it is a cross . Commonly, a pipe cross has one inlet end and three outlet ends, sometimes it is three inlet ends and one outlet end.
Because of the structure and flowing way of the cross, it is the center of four pipes connection .If there is any change of temperature in the cross point, it will bring a high pressure to the joint the cross. The cross tee has another feature that the products cost is very high, more than two times price to the tees, so it is not used very popular.
Types of pipe cross
A cross fitting allows four direction transition in pipeline fields. Let us know more about pipe crosss under the following heads:
The equal cross is one kind of the pipe cross, just like a equal tee, the equal cross means all the 4 ends of the cross are in same diameter. The pipe cross, like a road cross, is the joint of 4 pipes. Receiving the pressure from the 4 pipes, the weld joint between the pipes and cross must be very strong.
The cross can not control the flow direction by its shape, So the four ends of the cross commonly are only one inlet and three outlets, or one outlet and three inlets.
Reducing cross/Unequal cross
The reducing cross also is called unequal cross , it is the pipe cross which the four branch ends are not in the same diameters. just like a unequal tee, the reducing cross connect the pipes of different diameters.
Since the pipe cross has four ends, when describe a reducing cross people should indicate all the four ends diameters and their positions, or else it may bring som misunderstanding.
Outside Diameter: Seamless Cross Fitting ( 1/2″～24″), ERW / Welded / Fabricated Cross Fitting (1/2″～48″)
Type: Seamless, Welded, Equal Cross, Reducing Cross
Wall Thickness: 3mm – 40mm / SCH5, SCH10, SCH20, SCH30, SCH40, STD, SCH80, XS, SCH60, SCH80, SCH120, SCH140, SCH160, XXS
Production Grades: Stainless Steel, Alloy Steel, Duplex, Nickel Alloys, Low temperature Steel, Carbon Steel, Cupro Nickel
Manufacturing Standards
ASME: ANSI B16.9, ANSI B16.28, MSS-SP-43
DIN: DIN2605, DIN2615, DIN2616, DIN2617, DIN28011
EN: EN10253-1, EN10253-2
ASTM A403 – ASME SA403 – Standard Specification for Wrought Austenitic Stainless Steel Piping Fittings
ASME B16.9 – Factory-Made Wrought Fittings Buttwelding
ASME B16.25 – Buttwelding Ends ASME B16.28 – Wrought Steel Short Radius Elbows and Buttwelding Returns
MSS SP-43 – Wrought and Fabricated Butt-Welding Fittings for Low Pressure, Corrosion Resistant Applications
Pipe Cross Material Grades
Stainless Steel Pipe Cross; ASTM A403 WP Gr. 304, 304H, 309, 310, 316, 316L, 317L, 321, 347, 904L
Carbon Steel Pipe Cross: ASTM A 234 WPB , WPBW, WPHY 42, WPHY 46, WPHY 52, WPH 60, WPHY 65 & WPHY 70.
Low Temperature Carbon Steel Pipe Cross: ASTM A420 WPL3, A420 WPL6
Alloy Steel Pipe Cross: ASTM / ASME A/SA 234 Gr. WP 1, WP 5, WP 9, WP 11, WP 12, WP 22, WP 91
Duplex Pipe Cross: ASTM A 815, ASME SA 815 UNS NO S31803, S32205. Werkstoff No. 1.4462
Nickel Alloy Pipe Cross: ASTM / ASME SB 336 UNS 2200 ( NICKEL 200 ), UNS 2201 (NICKEL 201 ), UNS 4400 (MONEL 400 ), UNS 8020 ( ALLOY 20 / 20 CB 3, UNS 8825 INCONEL (825), UNS 6600 (INCONEL 600 ), UNS 6601 ( INCONEL 601 ), UNS 6625 (INCONEL 625), UNS 10276 ( HASTELLOY C 276 )
Features of Pipe cross:
- There are three female openings in a T shaped pipe cross.
- There are straight pipe crosss which have the same size openings.
- Reducing pipe crosss have one opening of different size and two openings of the same size.
- There are sanitary pipe crosss which are used in waste lines. These kind of pipe crosss have a curved branch which is designed for a clean out plug. They are used to prevent obstruction of waste.
- A cross pipe cross has four equal sized female openings.
- A wing pipe cross has lugs to fasten the fitting to a wall or stud.
- A compression pipe cross uses compression fittings on two or more ends.
- A test pipe cross has a threaded opening. This opening is used in conjunction with a threaded plug for a clean-out opening on a drain pipe.
Pipe cross & Crosses size
Pipe cross, LT, Lateral cross , RT, Reducing cross, cross fittings accord to ANSI, ISO, JIS and DIN Standards, Measures 1/2 to 56 Inches.
- Size range: 1/2 to 20 inches
- Types: Straight cross, Reducing cross, Y-type
- Pressure: SCH5 to SCH160
- Standard: ANSI B16.9/B16.28, MSS SP-43/SP-75
The fitting not only played a role in conection the cossing pipeline but also can control the volume by designed with different dimension of cross ends,sometimes we also adopt rib to reinforce the mechanical property when face hard woeking conditions.
Pattern | Weld | Seamless |
Nominal size | 1/2”-48” (DN15-DN1200) | 1/2”-20” (DN15-DN500) |
Wall thickness | 2~100mm | 2~50mm |
Bend radius | SCH5S-SCH160 ,XXS | SCH5-SCH160 |
Type | cross/reducing cross | cross/reducing cross |
Applications of pipe cross:
Pipe crosss are widely used in various commercial and industrial applications. Industrial applications include:
- Chemical processing
- Petroleum
- Pulp/paper
- Refining
- Textile
- Waste treatment, Marine
- Utilities/power generation
- Industrial equipment
- Automotive
- Gas compression and distribution industries
- Pipe crosss are also recommended for industrial plant fluid power systems.
Buying Tips of pipe cross:
What should buyers consider for bulk purchase of pipe cross?
Type of pipe cross—whether welded or seamless
Standard
Size and dimension
Wall thickness
Material of construction
Durability and Economical
High pressure and temperature resistance
Corrosion resistance etc.
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